Journal: Molecular Metabolism

Article Title: mTORC1-dependent increase in oxidative metabolism in POMC neurons regulates food intake and action of leptin

doi: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.04.002

Figure Lengend Snippet: Central administration of the ROS H 2 O 2 engages mTORC1 signaling to decrease food intake. ( A ) Acute icv co-administration of the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin with H 2 O 2 blunts the effect of H 2 O 2 on food intake (Repeated measures ANOVA: treatment effect F (2,15) = 6.39, P < 0.01; time effect F (3,45) = 141.33, P < 0.0001; treatment × time interaction F (6,45) = 4.59, P < 0.01, n = 5–7 mice per group) and ( B ) 24h body weight (BW) change (One-way ANOVA: treatment effect F (2,15) = 9.37, P < 0.005, n = 5–7 mice per group) in C57BL/6J mice. ( C ) Effect of an acute icv administration of H 2 O 2 on food intake (Repeated measures ANOVA: treatment effect F (1,40) = 7.94, P < 0.01; genotype effect F (1,40) = 11.24, P < 0.005; treatment × genotype interaction F (1,40) = 6.18, P < 0.05; time effect F (3,120) = 892.17, P < 0.0001; treatment x genotype × time interaction F (3,120) = 7.58, P < 0.0005, n = 10–12 mice per group) and ( D ) 24h BW change (two-way ANOVA: treatment effect F (1,40) = 5.71, P < 0.05; genotype effect F (1,40) = 4.37, P < 0.05; treatment × genotype interaction F (1,40) = 9.81, P < 0.005, n = 10–12 mice per group) in WT and S6K1 -KO littermates. Data are mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.005, ***P < 0.0005.

Article Snippet: To study the effect of a central mTORC1 inhibition on the appetite suppressant action of H 2 O 2 , mice received an acute icv injection of rapamycin [VWR International, France; 18 μg in 1 μL dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)], an inhibitor of mTORC1 , or its vehicle just before the dark phase, 40 min after an acute icv injection of H 2 O 2 in 24h fasted C57BL/6J mice.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Retinal response to systemic inflammation differs between sexes and neurons

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1340013

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antagonism of TNFR1 and P2X7R rescues RGCs from systemic inflammation. (A) Isodensity maps showing the distribution of Brn3a + RGCs in retinas of intact male mice and mice treated with LPS+vehicle, LPS and TNFR1 antagonist (αTNFR1), LPS and P2X7R antagonist (αP2X7R), and LPS and αP2X7R + αTNFR1. Retinas were analysed 7 days after the injection of LPS. (B) Column graph showing the mean total number ± SD of Brn3a + RGCs the same groups. *Significant vs. intact (*** p <0.001; **** p <0.0001); σ Significant between groups ( σ p <0.05; σσσ p <0.001; σσσσ p <0.0001). One-way ANOVA within sexes, post-hoc Tukey’s test. (C) Column graph showing the averaged percentage ± SD of Brn3a + RGCs in the same groups as before with respect to intact retinas (100%). *Significant differences between females and males (** p <0.01; *** p <0.001; Two-way ANOVA Šidák’s multiple comparison test (treatment p <0.0001; sex p <0.0001). F: females, M: males. I: intact, V: vehicle.

Article Snippet: Madrid, Spain] and TNFR1 antagonist [12 mg/kg i.p. in 5% of DMSO-saline; R7050, Tocris Bioscience; Bio-Techne R&D Systems, Madrid, Spain], as previously published , were both injected intraperitoneally in a final volume of 200 μL.

Techniques: Injection, Comparison

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Retinal response to systemic inflammation differs between sexes and neurons

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1340013

Figure Lengend Snippet: Transient impairment of retinal functionality after systemic inflammation: effect of TNFR1 and P2X7R antagonism. (A) Electroretinographic waves from female and male mice recorded before (PRE) and 3 and 7 days after being treated with LPS + vehicle, LPS and TNFR1 antagonist (αTNFR1), LPS and P2X7R antagonist (αP2X7R), and LPS and αP2X7R + αTNFR1. (B) ERG quantification bar graphs showing the mean wave amplitude (µV ± SD). Control amplitudes are baseline recordings (pre). * vs. baseline values (* p <0.05; ** p <0.01***; p <0.001; **** p <0.0001); φ 3 rd vs. 7 th day within the same group ( φφφ p <0.001; φφφφ p <0.0001). σ Between different groups ( σ p <0.05; σσ p <0.01; σσσ p <0.001; σσσσ p <0.0001). † p <0.001 females vs. males at the same time point and treatment. Two-way ANOVA Šidák’s multiple comparison test (treatment p <0.0001; sex p >0.05).

Article Snippet: Madrid, Spain] and TNFR1 antagonist [12 mg/kg i.p. in 5% of DMSO-saline; R7050, Tocris Bioscience; Bio-Techne R&D Systems, Madrid, Spain], as previously published , were both injected intraperitoneally in a final volume of 200 μL.

Techniques: Control, Comparison

Journal: Molecular Systems Biology

Article Title: Genome‐wide off‐rates reveal how DNA binding dynamics shape transcription factor function

doi: 10.15252/msb.20209885

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative growth curves of the untagged parental background strain (WT), an ABF1 FRB‐GFP-tagged strain (Abf1‐tag) and an ABF1 FRB‐GFP-V5‐tagged strain (Abf1‐tag-V5). The WT strain is the parental BY4742/S288C strain of the Abf1 anchor‐away strains that have been genetically desensitized to rapamycin. The Abf1‐tag strain grows approximately 10% slower compared to the WT strain and the Abf1‐tag-V5 strain grows approximately 15% slower than the WT strain. Growth curves of the WT strain with rapamycin, and the ABF1 FRB‐GFP tagged strain with and without rapamycin, the inducing agent for nuclear depletion (Haruki et al , ). Rapamycin was added 4.5 h after the start of the experiment to induce nuclear depletion (arrow). Upon induction of depletion, clear disruption of growth is visible after approximately 3 h ( t = 7.5 h) and cessation of growth is visible after approximately 8 h ( t = 12.5 h). Representative fluorescence microscopy images of ABF1 FRB‐GFP-V5 cells before (0 min) and at several time points after (10, 15, 20 and 25 min) induction of nuclear depletion. Scale bar: 10 μm. Quantification of nuclear enrichment ratios of ABF1 FRB‐GFP and ABF1 FRB‐GFP-V5 cells during depletion (three biological replicates). Both DNA‐bound and free Abf1 contribute to the GFP signal and therefore the decrease in fluorescence represents the depletion speed of both unbound as well as bound Abf1. Dots represent individual cell measurements. The nuclear enrichment ratio was calculated as the maximum intensity divided by the median intensity of each cell. A WT strain without GFP was taken along as a control.

Article Snippet: At t = 0, Abf1 was depleted from the nucleus by addition of rapamycin (LC Laboratories #R‐5000; dissolved to 2mM in DMSO), to a final concentration of 7.5 μM.

Techniques: Disruption, Fluorescence, Microscopy, Control